Does 3D Printing Filament Go Bad? Unraveling the Myths and Facts
3D printing has revolutionized the way we design, prototype, and manufacture products, offering an incredible level of creativity and flexibility. One question that often comes up, especially for beginners and hobbyists, is whether 3D printing filament can go bad. Filament is the essential material used in 3D printing, and understanding its longevity is crucial to ensuring successful prints every time.
In this article, we’ll explore the facts and myths surrounding 3D printing filament, delve into its shelf life, provide some tips on how to store filament correctly, and offer troubleshooting advice to prevent printing failures. Let’s clear up the confusion and help you get the most out of your filament stock!
What Is 3D Printing Filament and Why Does It Matter?
3D printing filament is the material used in 3D printers to create objects layer by layer. There are different types of filaments such as PLA, ABS, PETG, TPU, and more, each with specific properties suited for different applications. These filaments are generally sold in spools, and the quality of your filament directly affects the outcome of your print, from precision to strength and appearance.
Because 3D printers rely on the consistent flow of material, it’s important to ensure that your filament remains in good condition. Filament can degrade over time if exposed to certain environmental factors, and understanding these factors can help you extend the lifespan of your 3D printing supplies.
Does 3D Printing Filament Expire or Go Bad Over Time?
The short answer is yes, 3D printing filament can go bad, but it depends on several factors including the type of filament, storage conditions, and exposure to elements like moisture and heat. Here’s a breakdown of how filament deteriorates and what you can do about it.
How Filament Degrades
Several elements can lead to the degradation of your 3D printing filament, such as:
- Moisture: One of the biggest enemies of filament, especially for materials like PLA, ABS, and nylon, is moisture. When exposed to humidity, the filament can absorb water, leading to poor extrusion and poor print quality.
- Heat: High temperatures can cause certain filaments to warp or become brittle. Filament that is left in a hot environment can soften or lose its structural integrity.
- UV Light: Some filaments, particularly those that are not UV-stable, can break down when exposed to prolonged sunlight. This is especially true for materials like PLA.
- Oxidation: Over time, exposure to oxygen can cause some filaments, particularly those made from petroleum-based plastics, to degrade and lose their flexibility.
While it’s true that filament can go bad, the good news is that you can take steps to prevent this from happening. Proper storage and handling can significantly extend the life of your 3D printing filament.
How to Store 3D Printing Filament to Extend Its Life
Proper storage is the key to keeping your 3D printing filament in optimal condition. Below are some storage tips to help you protect your filament and ensure it performs well over time:
1. Keep Filament in a Dry Environment
Moisture is a major cause of filament degradation, particularly for hygroscopic materials like nylon and PVA. The ideal storage environment for most filaments is one that is cool and dry. Consider investing in a filament dry box or airtight storage containers with desiccants to absorb any moisture. You can also use vacuum-sealed bags to protect filament from humidity.
2. Store Filament Away from Direct Sunlight
Exposure to UV light can cause filament to degrade. It’s best to store your filament in a dark, cool place, such as a cabinet or closet, to protect it from direct sunlight. Keeping it in its original packaging can also help prevent exposure to light.
3. Avoid Extreme Temperatures
Filament should not be stored in environments with extreme temperatures. High temperatures can cause filament to become brittle or warped, while cold temperatures can make the material difficult to work with. Aim to store filament in a space with temperatures between 15°C (59°F) and 25°C (77°F).
4. Use Desiccants for Hygroscopic Materials
If you’re working with materials like nylon, PVA, or other moisture-sensitive filaments, it’s essential to use desiccant packs to keep the filament dry. These packs can be placed inside the storage container or bag to absorb any moisture that might accumulate over time.
How Long Does 3D Printing Filament Last?
The lifespan of 3D printing filament depends largely on how it’s stored and the material it’s made from. Here’s a general guide to how long different types of filament can last:
- PLA (Polylactic Acid): PLA is one of the most popular filaments for 3D printing, and it’s relatively stable. If stored properly, PLA filament can last for up to a year or more without significant degradation.
- ABS (Acrylonitrile Butadiene Styrene): ABS is more resistant to heat than PLA but can become brittle when exposed to moisture. With proper storage, ABS filament can last between 6 to 12 months.
- Nylon: Nylon is very hygroscopic, meaning it absorbs moisture easily. If not stored properly, it can degrade in a matter of weeks. With proper storage in a dry box, nylon filament can last for about 6 months to a year.
- TPU (Thermoplastic Polyurethane): TPU is flexible and durable, but it can also be affected by moisture. When stored properly, TPU filament can last for up to a year.
Remember, these are general guidelines. The actual lifespan of your filament will depend on the specific brand and storage conditions.
Signs Your 3D Printing Filament Has Gone Bad
Even with proper care, sometimes filament can go bad. Here are some signs that your filament may no longer be suitable for use:
- Moisture Absorption: If your filament has absorbed moisture, it may start to bubble or hiss when printing. This can result in weak prints, poor layer adhesion, and excessive stringing.
- Cracking or Brittle Filament: If your filament becomes brittle or cracks easily, it may have lost its strength due to oxidation or prolonged exposure to heat.
- Color Fading: If the filament color fades or appears chalky, it may have been exposed to too much UV light or oxygen.
- Poor Extrusion: If your printer is having trouble extruding filament or you notice frequent jams, it could be a sign that the filament is no longer in good condition.
Troubleshooting Tips for Bad Filament
If you suspect your filament has gone bad, try these troubleshooting tips to determine whether it’s still usable:
1. Dry the Filament
If you suspect moisture is the issue, try drying the filament. You can use a filament dryer or a conventional oven (set to a low temperature, around 40°C or 104°F) to remove the moisture. However, be careful not to overheat the filament, as this can cause other issues.
2. Inspect the Filament for Cracks
If the filament has become brittle, it may crack when bent or twisted. If this is the case, it’s best to dispose of the filament and get a fresh spool.
3. Try Printing at Different Temperatures
Sometimes, adjusting the print temperature can help with poor extrusion. If your filament isn’t flowing well, try increasing or decreasing the extrusion temperature in small increments to see if it resolves the issue.
If you continue to experience problems, it might be time to consider purchasing a new spool of filament. Remember, proper storage can prevent many of these issues from arising in the first place!
Conclusion
In conclusion, while 3D printing filament can indeed go bad over time, proper storage and handling can significantly extend its lifespan. Moisture, heat, and UV exposure are the primary factors that lead to filament degradation, but by taking the right precautions—such as storing your filament in a dry, cool, and dark environment—you can keep your filament in good working condition for months, or even years.
Remember, the type of filament you use also plays a big role in how long it lasts. Materials like PLA are less sensitive to moisture and temperature, while others like nylon require more careful attention. If you find that your filament has gone bad, don’t panic—follow the troubleshooting steps we’ve outlined, and you may be able
This article is in the category and created by 3D Innovation Hub Team